Translation and commentary of Niels Abel's 1826 proof of the impossibility of an algebraic solution to the general quintic equation
Friday, October 29, 2010
Section 1. General expression of an algebraic function: Part 9
Translated by me as:
Let μ be any integer, we can always write
μ = an + α
a and α are integers and α < n. It follows that
p μ / n = p ( a n + α ) / n = p a . p α / n
so putting this expression instead of p μ / n in the expression of v, we obtain,
v = q0 + q1 p 1 / n + q2 p 2 / n + ... qn-1 p ( n-1 ) / n
q0, q1, q2 still being rational functions of p, r', r''... and consequently functions of order μ and degree (m-1) and it can be assured that these quantities are related so that it is impossible to express p 1 / n rationally in these quantities.
Commentary:
Abel shows that his general form need only to include powers of p 1 / n up to (n-1). At this point q0, q1, q2 are not the same as the old q0, q1, q2.
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